التفسير الموضوعي والرؤية التأويلية الحديثة: دراسة لمحاولات محمد قريش شهاب الإندونيسي

In Indonesia, the interest of scholars and researchers to the study of thematic interpretations of the Qur'an as a new approach to interpreting the Qur'an began in the early nineties. Indonesian Muslims welcomed this trend very well. Therefore, these years are considered as the root point of awareness of the importance of thematic interpretations of the Qur'an in Indonesia. Among the first figure who utilize this thematic method was Muhammad Quraish Shihab. Because of his extraordinary works in Quranic studies, he became a notable figure in Indonesia and significantly influential in developing the Muslim community and building the scientific movement in general. In this study, the researcher intends to examine Shihab' works in the study of thematic interpretation of the Qur'an, by using several approaches: 1) The inductive approach, by collecting everything related to this topics, such as the thematic interpretation theories and its application in the works of Muhammad Quraish Shihab and other scholars, 2) the method of analysis, by examining some issues discussed by the Quraish Shihab, and 3) the critical method, by criticizing the applied methods and some of its interpretations. One of the most important result of this research is that Shihab adopted the thematic exegesis methodology of several classical and modern scholars in Islamic world. The concept of comprehending thematic interpretation is influenced by the theory initially introduced by Ahmad Al-Sayed Al-Koumi (d. 1991), while the method of applications are influenced by Al-Farmawy (d. 2017), while the trend he used is influenced by Muhammad Baqer al-Sadr (d. 180) which refers to the problems of social reality. Among the objectives of the thematic interpretation he adopts is to ease people for understanding God's instructions contained in the Qur'an, as well as to explain the purpose of the Qur'an through topics related to Muslims’ dailiy activities. One concrete example that he has implemented in one of his thematic interpretation is the Caliphate in the Quran is a person who has political power to manage the earth either partially or completely, and usury in the Quran is the addition of capital from debt with an element of oppression by the creditor to the debtor and allowing women to be a leader.