المواطنة وأثرها في الدولة المعاصرة (دراسة مقارنة)

The society in the modern era is based on the term Statehood, where the state has an influential entity in all spheres of life concerning the citizen. To make life properly continue with the existence of such inevitable relationship between the citizen and the state (citizenship), there should be frames surrounding by this relationship, these frames seems to be public morals keeping the two sides do not overcome one another. The frames are difinitely the ethics of freedom, equality, participation and collective responsibility. These ethics are also the main pillars of citizenship. With these pillars, the citizen does his duties and demands his rights as the State does its duties with perfection right in fulfilling rights from citizens.The Research includes four sections, the first part deals with the definition of citizenship and contemporary state then in the second section, we will be discussing the foundations of citizenship which are; freedom, equality, participation and collective responsibility. In this research I will be discussing the first three foundations only as the collective responsibility is addressed implicitly in the pillar of participation.In the third section, I deal with some issues affecting the relationship between citizenship and Islamic Law (Shari'ah) such as Walaa' and Baraa' and implementing of Shari'ah in the modern state. In the fourth section I am discussing the impact of citizenship in some Jurisprudential issues such as to which extent should the Non-Muslims pay jiziah in the country of citizenship, and to which extent the blood between the Muslim and non-Muslim are equal, as well as to which extent the Non-Muslim can tale over general jurisdiction in a country with the majority of Muslims, these three main issues highlights the impact of citizenship on Jurisprudential issues.