محمد إقبال وقضية تجديد الدين

This thesis is trying to collect the scattered aspects of Mohammad Iqbal's religious renewal through attempting to extract the innovative approach to religion by studying his books—particularly "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam". It highlights his approach to the Islamic heritage based on the concept of (The Spirit of the Quran) as a guiding criterion. He read Islam, the history, and the universe through the Quranic perspective; He presented a spiritual interpretation of the universe, argued for the flexibility of Islam, and its universality by its openness to renewal, and adaptation to different circumstances and conditions. The objective of this thesis is to organize Muhammad Iqbal's thoughts and opinions on religious reconstruction in the following areas: "His vision of the universe which considered human to be an immortal object, that participates in the construction of the universe." "The finality of the institution of prophethood as a start of inductive reason." "His unprecedented critique and evaluation of modern movements in the Muslim world." "The self-philosophy that sees change starts with the self that contributes to the salvation of mankind." "His vision of jurisprudence (Ijtihad) as the principle of movement in Islam." "The concept of the evolution of the Islamic law by revealing the basic principles of Islam through the historical process." "Philosophical, Islamic theological criticism". "Adherence to the spiritual experience as the basis of religion, while criticizing the prevailing mysticism, as he aims to reform the Islamic nation (Ummah).