Suffering and Virtue : An Interdisciplinary Exploration With a Focus On Palliative Care

This thesis embarks on an exploration of the Islamic conceptualization of suffering, virtue, and its implications for palliative care, weaving together insights from Islamic ethical thought, scripture, philosophy, and Sufi spirituality. Initially, it lays the groundwork by delving into the Islamic understanding of suffering, presenting it as a divinely ordained aspect of human existence with significant moral and spiritual dimensions. This foundation supports a detailed examination of how suffering fosters the development of key virtues—Ṣabr (patience), Shukr (gratitude), and Tawakkul (reliance on God)—articulating an Islamic perspective that views suffering as a catalyst for ethical growth and spiritual resilience. Transitioning to practical implications, the thesis then assesses how this Islamic understanding can inform and enhance palliative care for Muslim patients, advocating for a model that not only addresses physical pain but also provides spiritual and moral support. This inquiry culminates in the argument that integrating Islamic teachings on suffering and virtue with Muslim palliative care patients offers a holistic approach to navigating suffering, underscoring the potential for human flourishing even in the face of life's inevitable adversities. Through this exploration, the thesis contributes to the broader discourse on the human condition, emphasizing the transformative potential of suffering and virtues within the Islamic tradition.