Prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy in Qatar, using universal screening

<h3>Background</h3><p dir="ltr">Diabetes first detected during pregnancy is currently divided into gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes mellitus (DM)- most of which are type 2 DM (T2DM). This study aims to define the prevalence and outcomes of diabetes first detected in pregnancy based on 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)using the recent WHO/IADPSG guidelines in a high-risk population.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p dir="ltr">This is a retrospective study that included all patients who underwent a 75 g (OGTT) between Jan 2016 and Apr 2016 and excluded patients with known pre-conception diabetes.</p><h3>Results</h3><p dir="ltr">The overall prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy among the 2000 patients who fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria was 24.0% (95% CI 22.1–25.9) of which T2DM was 2.5% (95% CI 1.9–3.3), and GDM was 21.5% (95% CI 19.7–23.3). The prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy was similar among the different ethnic groups.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">The T2DM group was older (mean age in years was 34 ±5.7 vs 31.7±5.7 vs 29.7 ±5.7, p<0.001); and has a higher mean BMI (32.4±6.4 kg/m2 vs 31.7±6.2 kg/m2 vs 29.7± 6.2 kg/m2, p< 0.01) than the GDM and the non-DM groups, respectively. The frequency of pre-eclampsia, pre-term delivery, Caesarean-section, macrosomia, LGA and neonatal ICU admissions were significantly higher in the T2DM group compared to GDM and non-DM groups.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p dir="ltr">Diabetes first detected in pregnancy is equally prevalent among the various ethnic groups residing in Qatar. Newly detected T2DM carries a higher risk of poor pregnancy outcomes; stressing the importance of proper classification of cases of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy.</p><h2>Other Information</h2><p dir="ltr">Published in: PLOS ONE<br>License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a><br>See article on publisher's website: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201247" target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201247</a></p>