Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Browse
DOCUMENT
10.1016_j.heliyon.2022.e11151.pdf (1.63 MB)
IMAGE
supp_1-s2.0-S2405844022024392-ga1.jpg (17.83 kB)
1/0
2 files

Evidencing the role of carbonic anhydrase in the formation of carbonate minerals by bacterial strains isolated from extreme environments in Qatar

journal contribution
submitted on 2024-06-27, 05:39 and posted on 2024-06-27, 05:39 authored by Rim Abdelsamad, Zulfa Al Disi, Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh, Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti, Nabil Zouari

Calcium carbonate, one of the most abundant minerals in the geological records is considered as primary source of the carbon reservoir. The role of microorganisms in the biotic precipitation of calcium carbonate has been extensively investigated, especially at extreme life conditions. In Qatar, Sabkhas which are microbial ecosystems housing biomineralizing bacteria, have been carefully studied as unique sites of microbial dolomite formation. Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2 is an important carbonate mineral forming oil reservoir rocks; however, dolomite is rarely formed in modern environments. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase is present in many living organisms, performs interconversion between CO2 and the bicarbonate ion. Thus, carbonic anhydrase is expected to accelerate both carbonate rock dissolution and CO2 uptake at the same time, serving as carbonite source to carbonites-forming bacteria. This study gathered cross-linked data on the potential role of the carbonic anhydrase excreted by mineral-forming bacteria, isolated from two different extreme environments in Qatar. Dohat Faishakh Sabkha, is a hypersaline coastal Sabkha, from where various strains of the bacterium Virgibacillus were isolated. Virgibacillus can -not only-mediate carbonate mineral formation, but also contributes to magnesium incorporation into the carbonate minerals, leading to the formation of high magnesium calcite. The latter is considered as precursor for dolomite formation. In addition, bacterial strains isolated from marine sediments, surrounding coral reef in Qatar sea, would provide additional knowledge on the role of carbonic anhydrase in mineral formation. Here, the quantification of the two mostly described activities of carbonic anhydrase; esterase and hydration reactions were performed. Mineral-forming strains were shown to exhibit high activities as opposed to the non-forming minerals, which confirms the relation between the presence of active carbonic anhydrase combined with elevated metabolic activity and the biomineralizing potential of the bacterial strains. The highest specific intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity; as both esterase and hydration (i.e., 66 ± 3 and 583000 ± 39000 WAU/108 cells respectively), was evidenced in mineral-forming strains as opposed to non-mineral forming strains (i.e., 6 ±. 0.5 and 1223 ± 61 WAU/108cells) respectively. These findings would contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of microbially mediated carbonate precipitation. This role may be both in capturing CO2 as source of carbonate, and partial solubilization of the formed minerals allowing incorporation of Mg instead of calcium, before catalyzing again the formation of more deposition of carbonates.

Other Information

Published in: Heliyon
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11151

Funding

Open Access funding provided by the Qatar National Library.

Qatar University (QUST-1-CAS-2020-9).

Qatar National Research Fund (PDRA5-0425-19007), Development of novel biosurfactants and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by Qatari indigenous bacteria for removal of heavy metals.

History

Language

  • English

Publisher

Cell Press

Publication Year

  • 2022

License statement

This Item is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Institution affiliated with

  • Qatar University
  • College of Arts and Sciences - QU
  • Environmental Science Center - QU
  • Center for Advanced Materials - QU
  • Central Laboratories Unit - QU

Geographic coverage

Qatar