Chronic myeloid leukemia following low dose radioactive iodine (I¹³¹) for treatment of papillary thyroid cancer

Introduction

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms result from exposure to specific agents such as ionizing radiation, chemotherapy, and immunosuppressive agents. Radioactive iodine plays an essential role in managing differentiated thyroid cancers such as papillary thyroid carcinoma to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Patient concerns

We present the case of a 48-year-old Bangladeshi male with a history of papillary thyroid cancer after total thyroidectomy and radiofrequency ablation therapy with I¹³¹ (32.6 mCi) who presented with abdominal pain and was found to have chronic myeloid leukemia 3 years after treatment for papillary thyroid cancer.

Diagnosis

Chronic myeloid leukemia secondary to low-dose radioactive iodine (I¹³¹).

Interventions

The patient was started on dasatinib (140 mg/day).

Outcomes

The patient is currently being prepared for bone marrow transplantation by donor search and HLA typing.

Conclusion

This case emphasizes the importance of considering the leukemogenic effects of I¹³¹.

Other Information

Published in: Medicine: Case Reports and Study Protocols
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md9.0000000000000237